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Nikola Tesla Born on July 10, 1856 in Smiljan, in the Austro-Hungarian Krajina (now Croatia), he was educated in Graz, where he studied electrical engineering. In 1881 he moved to Budapest to work for an American telegraph company. The following year he moved to Paris to work in one of Edison's companies, where he made his greatest contribution: the theory of alternating current in electricity, which allowed him to devise the first induction motor in 1882 .Despite the professional and social setbacks he had to deal with throughout his life, Nikola Tesla did not let anything stop him from continuing his research and thus made necessity (work) virtue Although he did not have the money or fame to back his discoveries, fame came after he registered 700 to 800 patents under his name, including the radio. So, he was finally recognized as one of the most prolific inventors of the 19th-20th century, so much so that, in 1915, his effort was rewarded with the Nobel Prize in Physics, which he had to share with Edison, a another great inventor of the same age as Tesla and with whom he had some friction. Many believe that Tesla did not get to accept this recognition, nor the $20,000 that it provided, and others that he was not ultimately awarded. In any case, because of his principles he lived the last years of his life in considerable poverty. Biography [edit] Nikola Tesla as a young man In 1862 he moved with his family to Gospić where he received secondary education and more late in 1870, he went to live alone at his aunt Stanka's house in Rakovac, to finish his studies at the Royal Higher Institute. He studied there for three years, where, as a curiosity, he was taught, among others, by Martin Sekulić, relatively well-known in mathematics and physics. In 1875, he continued his studies at the Graz Polytechnic and later, in 1880, at Carolina University in Prague where he studied electrical engineering. In 1881 he traveled to Budapest to work in an American telegraph company, a subsidiary of Thomas Alva Edison. The following year he moved to Paris to work as an employee in one of Edison's companies, where he made his most significant contribution: the theory of alternating current in electricity, which allowed him to devise the first induction motor in 1882.He started his own company in 1886 after breaking with Edison due to many disagreements over the effectiveness of Tesla's direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC). He had a laboratory on Houston Street in New York. In 1887 he builds the alternating current induction motor.
In the end, without financial means to carry out all his research and inventions, he met George Westinghouse, a scientist and wealthy businessman who bought him, through a financial agreement, the patents for his inventions and hired him to work with him in the his Westinghouse laboratories, where he conceived the polyphase system to move electricity over long distances. Entosudit Tesla showed the superiority of AC over Edison's DC and what is known as the "war of the currents" developed. Edison's system, which used direct current (DC), had detractors because it was little suitable to respond to new demands. The transportation problem was even more complicated, since long-distance transmission of large amounts of DC at 110 volts was very expensive and suffered enormous losses due to heat dissipation. In 1886, George Westinghouse, a wealthy businessman but a newcomer to the electrical business that had just obtained the patent for the Gaulard and Gibbs transformer, founded Westinghouse Electric to compete with Edison's General Electric. The first system was based on the discoveries and patents of Nikola Tesla, who passionately believed in the superiority of alternating current (AC). His argument was based on the fact that the losses in the transmission of electricity depend on the current and not on the voltage: the higher the voltage, the lower the intensity and the lower the losses. And unlike DC, AC voltage can be stepped up with a transformer to be transported long distances with little heat loss. Then, before supplying customers with energy, the voltage can be reduced to safe and economical levels.Edison was shocked by the emergence of Tesla's technology, which threatened his interests in a field he himself had created. Edison and Westinghouse faced off in a public relations battle - which the newspapers called "the war of the currents" - to determine which system would become the dominant technology. Edison invented an AC electric chair and electrocuted dogs, cats, horses and even an elephant on an iron post at the New York Zoo and recorded the demonstration with kinetoscopy to show that alternating current was dangerous in addition expensive These demonstrations horrified public opinion, but the government officials who commissioned research on electrocution to execute people and be able to replace the gallows. Edison countered Harold P. Brown by researching and developing the electric chair. In order to neutralize this initiative, Tesla exposed himself to a discharge of alternating current (AC) that passed through his body without causing any damage. Faced with this test, Edison could not do anything and his prestige was momentarily eroded. During the World Fair in Chicago in 1893, Tesla had his great opportunity. When Westinghouse submitted a budget for half of what General Electric was asking, the lighting of the Fair was awarded to them, and Tesla was able to exhibit its AC generators, dynamos, and motors. Later, the Niagara Falls Power Company commission Westinghouse to develop its transmission system.
It was the end of the "war of the currents" and the partners of General Electric themselves became supporters of CA and JP Morgan fired Edison for opposing it and removed the name of the company. At the same time Tesla gave up his rights to save the Westinghouse company; the AC would end up imposing itself all over the world. In 1893 he managed to transmit electromagnetic energy without cables, and he built the first radio transmitter (preceding Guglielmo Marconi). Tesla filed the corresponding patent in 1897, two years after Marconi achieved his first radio transmission. However, Marconi registered his patent on November 10, 1900, and it was rejected for being considered a copy of Tesla's patent. Litigation began between Marconi's company and Tesla. After receiving the testimony of many prominent scientists, the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled in favor of Tesla in 1943. But most books mention Marconi as the inventor of the radio. At the end of the 19th century, Tesla demonstrate that using a resonant electrical network and using what was known at the time as "high frequency alternating current" (today it is considered low frequency) only one conductor was needed to power an electrical system, without the need for a other metal or a ground conductor. Tesla called this phenomenon the "transmission of electrical energy through a single wire without return." He conceived and designed the resonant electric circuits formed by a coil and a capacitor, keys to the emission and reception of radio waves with selectivity and power thanks to the phenomenon of resonance. What he actually created and transmitted were electromagnetic waves from high frequency alternators only that he did not apply it to the transmission of radio signals as Marconi did but to an attempt to transmit electrical energy at a distance without using cables. Tesla stated in 1901: "About ten years ago, I recognized the fact that to carry electric currents over long distances it was not at all necessary to use a return wire, but that any amount of energy could be transmitted using a single wire. I illustrated this principle by numerous experiments which, at the time, generated considerable attention among men of science." In the spring of 1891, Tesla demonstrated several machines before the American Institute of Engineers. Electricians at Columbia University. It demonstrated in this way that all kinds of devices could be powered through a single cable without a return conductor.
This single-wire transmission system was protected in 1897 by patent US0,593,138. In Niagara Falls, the first hydroelectric plant was built thanks to Tesla's developments in 1893, succeeding in 1896 in transmitting electricity to the city of Buffalo (New York ). With the financial support of George Westinghouse, alternating current replaced direct current. Tesla has since been considered the founder of the electrical industry. In 1891 he invented the coil that bears his name. [10] In his honor, the unit of measurement of the magnetic field in the International System of d 'Units. The tesla, symbolized T, is the unit derived from the International System for Magnetic Induction that was adopted at the General Conference of Weights and Measures in Paris in 1960. This unit is used to define the intensity or density of a magnetic field .Nikola Tesla Born on July 10, 1856 in Smiljan, in the Austro-Hungarian Krajina (now Croatia), he was educated in Graz, where he studied electrical engineering.
In 1881 he moved to Budapest to work for an American telegraph company. The following year he moved to Paris to work in one of Edison's companies, where he made his greatest contribution: the theory of alternating current in electricity, which allowed him to devise the first induction motor in 1882 .Despite the professional and social setbacks he had to deal with throughout his life, Nikola Tesla did not let anything stop him from continuing his research and thus made necessity (work) virtue Although he did not have the money or fame to back his discoveries, fame came after he registered 700 to 800 patents under his name, including the radio. So, he was finally recognized as one of the most prolific inventors of the 19th-20th century, so much so that, in 1915, his effort was rewarded with the Nobel Prize in Physics, which he had to share with Edison, a another great inventor of the same age as Tesla and with whom he had some friction. Many believe that Tesla did not get to accept this recognition, nor the $20,000 that it provided, and others that he was not ultimately awarded. Nikola Tesla as a young man In 1862 he moved with his family to Gospić where he received secondary education and later, in 1870, he went to live alone at his aunt Stanka's house in Rakovac, to finish his studies at 'Royal Higher Institute. He studied there for three years, where, as a curiosity, he was taught, among others, by Martin Sekulić, relatively well-known in mathematics and physics. In 1875, he continued his studies at the Graz Polytechnic and later, in 1880, at Carolina University in Prague where he studied electrical engineering. In 1881 he traveled to Budapest to work in an American telegraph company, a subsidiary of Thomas Alva Edison. The following year he moved to Paris to work as an employee in one of Edison's companies, where he made his most significant contribution: the theory of alternating current in electricity, which allowed him to devise the first induction motor in 1882.He started his own company in 1886 after breaking with Edison due to many disagreements over the effectiveness of Tesla's direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC). He had a laboratory on Houston Street in New York. In 1887 he builds the alternating current induction motor. In the end, without financial means to carry out all his research and inventions, he met George Westinghouse, a scientist and wealthy businessman who bought him, through a financial agreement, the patents for his inventions and hired him to work with him in the his Westinghouse laboratories, where he conceived the polyphase system to move electricity over long distances. Entosudit Tesla showed the superiority of AC over Edison's DC and what is known as the "war of the currents" developed. Edison's system, which used direct current (DC), had detractors because it was little suitable to respond to new demands. The transportation problem was even more complicated, since long-distance transmission of large amounts of DC at 110 volts was very expensive and suffered enormous losses due to heat dissipation. In 1886, George Westinghouse, a wealthy businessman but a newcomer to the electrical business that had just obtained the patent for the Gaulard and Gibbs transformer, founded Westinghouse Electric to compete with Edison's General Electric. The first system was based on the discoveries and patents of Nikola Tesla, who passionately believed in the superiority of alternating current (AC).
His argument was based on the fact that the losses in the transmission of electricity depend on the current and not on the voltage: the higher the voltage, the lower the intensity and the lower the losses. And unlike DC, AC voltage can be stepped up with a transformer to be transported long distances with little heat loss. Then, before supplying customers with energy, the voltage can be reduced to safe and economical levels.Edison was shocked by the emergence of Tesla's technology, which threatened his interests in a field he himself had created. Edison and Westinghouse faced off in a public relations battle - which the newspapers called "the war of the currents" - to determine which system would become the dominant technology. Edison invented an AC electric chair and electrocuted dogs, cats, horses and even an elephant on an iron post at the New York Zoo and recorded the demonstration with kinetoscopy to show that alternating current was dangerous in addition expensive These demonstrations horrified public opinion, but the government officials who commissioned research on electrocution to execute people and be able to replace the gallows. Edison countered Harold P. Brown by researching and developing the electric chair. In order to neutralize this initiative, Tesla exposed himself to a discharge of alternating current (AC) that passed through his body without causing any damage. Faced with this test, Edison could not do anything and his prestige was momentarily eroded. During the World's Fair in Chicago in 1893, Tesla had his big break. When Westinghouse submitted a budget for half of what General Electric was asking for, the lighting of the Fair was awarded and Tesla was able to exhibit its AC generators, dynamos and motors. Later, the Niagara Falls Power Company commissioned Westinghouse to develop its transmission system.
It was the end of the "war of the currents" and the partners of General Electric themselves became supporters of CA and JP Morgan fired Edison for opposing it and removed the name of the company. At the same time Tesla gave up his rights to save the Westinghouse company; the AC would end up imposing itself all over the world. In 1893 he managed to transmit electromagnetic energy without cables, and he built the first radio transmitter (preceding Guglielmo Marconi). Tesla filed the corresponding patent in 1897, two years after Marconi achieved his first radio transmission. However, Marconi registered his patent on November 10, 1900, and it was rejected for being considered a copy of Tesla's patent. Litigation began between Marconi's company and Tesla. After receiving the testimony of many prominent scientists, the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled in favor of Tesla in 1943. But most books mention Marconi as the inventor of the radio. At the end of the 19th century, Tesla demonstrate that using a resonant electrical network and using what was known at the time as "high frequency alternating current" (today it is considered low frequency) only one conductor was needed to power an electrical system, without the need for a other metal or a ground conductor. Tesla called this phenomenon the "transmission of electrical energy through a single wire without return." He conceived and designed the resonant electric circuits formed by a coil and a capacitor, keys to the emission and reception of radio waves with selectivity and power thanks to the phenomenon of resonance. What he actually created and transmitted were electromagnetic waves from high frequency alternators only that he did not apply it to the transmission of radio signals as Marconi did but to an attempt to transmit electrical energy at a distance without using cables. Tesla stated in 1901: "About ten years ago, I recognized the fact that to carry electric currents over long distances it was not at all necessary to use a return wire, but that any amount of energy could be transmitted using a single wire. I illustrated this principle by numerous experiments which, at the time, generated considerable attention among men of science." In the spring of 1891, Tesla demonstrated several machines before the American Institute of Engineers. Electricians at Columbia University.
He demonstrated in this way that all kinds of devices could be powered through a single cable without a return conductor. This single-wire transmission system was protected in 1897 by patent US0,593,138. In Niagara Falls, the first hydroelectric plant was built thanks to Tesla's developments in 1893, succeeding in 1896 in transmitting electricity to the city of Buffalo (New York ). With the financial support of George Westinghouse, alternating current replaced direct current. Tesla has since been considered the founder of the electrical industry. In 1891 he invented the coil that bears his name. [10] In his honor, the unit of measurement of the magnetic field in the International System of d 'Units. The tesla, symbolized T, is the unit derived from the International System for Magnetic Induction that was adopted at the General Conference of Weights and Measures in Paris in 1960. This unit is used to define the intensity or density of a magnetic field .
